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Are slat walls good for acoustics?

Author: sufeifei

Oct. 21, 2024

15 0 0

Absorption (acoustics) - Wikipedia

When an object takes in energy from sound waves instead of reflecting them

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An example of a material in which absorption can observed: sound absorbing foam, also known as acoustic foam.

In acoustics, absorption refers to the process by which a material, structure, or object takes in sound energy when sound waves are encountered, as opposed to reflecting the energy. Part of the absorbed energy is transformed into heat and part is transmitted through the absorbing body. The energy transformed into heat is said to have been 'lost'.[1]

When sound from a loudspeaker collides with the walls of a room, part of the sound's energy is reflected back into the room, part is transmitted through the walls, and part is absorbed into the walls. Just as the acoustic energy was transmitted through the air as pressure differentials (or deformations), the acoustic energy travels through the material which makes up the wall in the same manner. Deformation causes mechanical losses via conversion of part of the sound energy into heat, resulting in acoustic attenuation, mostly due to the wall's viscosity. Similar attenuation mechanisms apply for the air and any other medium through which sound travels.

The fraction of sound absorbed is governed by the acoustic impedances of both media and is a function of frequency and the incident angle.[2] Size and shape can influence the sound wave's behavior if they interact with its wavelength, giving rise to wave phenomena such as standing waves and diffraction.

Acoustic absorption is of particular interest in soundproofing. Soundproofing aims to absorb as much sound energy (often in particular frequencies) as possible converting it into heat or transmitting it away from a certain location.[3]

In general, soft, pliable, or porous materials (like cloths) serve as good acoustic insulators - absorbing most sound, whereas dense, hard, impenetrable materials (such as metals) reflect most.

How well a room absorbs sound is quantified by the effective absorption area of the walls, also named total absorption area. This is calculated using its dimensions and the absorption coefficients of the walls.[4] The total absorption is expressed in Sabins and is useful in, for instance, determining the reverberation time of auditoria. Absorption coefficients can be measured using a reverberation room, which is the opposite of an anechoic chamber (see below).

Absorption coefficients of common materials

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Absorption coefficients of common materials

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Materials Absorption coefficients by frequency (Hz) 125 250 500 1,000 2,000 Acoustic tile (ceiling) .80 .90 .90 .95 .90 Brick .03 .03 .03 .04 .05 Carpet over concrete .08 .25 .60 .70 .72 Heavy curtains .15 .35 .55 .75 .70 Marble .01 .01 .01 .01 .02 Painted concrete .10 .05 .06 .07 .09 Plaster on concrete .10 .10 .08 .05 .05 Plywood on studs .30 .20 .15 .10 .09 Smooth concrete .01 .01 .01 .02 .02 Wood floor .15 .11 .10 .07 .06

Applications

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Acoustic absorption is critical in areas such as:

Anechoic chamber

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An acoustic anechoic chamber is a room designed to absorb as much sound as possible. The walls consist of a number of baffles with highly absorptive material arranged in such a way that the fraction of sound they do reflect is directed towards another baffle instead of back into the room. This makes the chamber almost devoid of echos which is useful for measuring the sound pressure level of a source and for various other experiments and measurements.

Anechoic chambers are expensive for several reasons and are therefore not common.

They must be isolated from outside influences (e.g., planes, trains, automobiles, snowmobiles, elevators, pumps, ...; indeed any source of sound which may interfere with measurements inside the chamber) and they must be physically large. The first, environmental isolation, requires in most cases specially constructed, nearly always massive, and likewise thick, walls, floors, and ceilings. Such chambers are often built as spring supported isolated rooms within a larger building. The National Research Council in Canada has a modern anechoic chamber, and has posted a video on the Web, noting these as well as other constructional details. Doors must be specially made, sealing for them must be acoustically complete (no leaks around the edges), ventilation (if any) carefully managed, and lighting chosen to be silent.

The second requirement follows in part from the first and from the necessity of preventing reverberation inside the room from, say, a sound source being tested. Preventing echoes is almost always done with absorptive foam wedges on walls, floors and ceilings, and if they are to be effective at low frequencies, these must be physically large; the lower the frequencies to be absorbed, the larger they must be.

An anechoic chamber must therefore be large to accommodate those absorbers and isolation schemes, but still allow for space for experimental apparatus and units under test.

Electrical and mechanical analogy

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The energy dissipated within a medium as sound travels through it is analogous to the energy dissipated in electrical resistors or that dissipated in mechanical dampers for mechanical motion transmission systems. All three are equivalent to the resistive part of a system of resistive and reactive elements. The resistive elements dissipate energy (irreversibly into heat) and the reactive elements store and release energy (reversibly, neglecting small losses). The reactive parts of an acoustic medium are determined by its bulk modulus and its density, analogous to respectively an electrical capacitor and an electrical inductor, and analogous to, respectively, a mechanical spring attached to a mass.

Note that since dissipation solely relies on the resistive element it is independent of frequency. In practice however the resistive element varies with frequency. For instance, vibrations of most materials change their physical structure and so their physical properties; the result is a change in the 'resistance' equivalence. Additionally, the cycle of compression and rarefaction exhibits hysteresis of pressure waves in most materials which is a function of frequency, so for every compression there is a rarefaction, and the total amount of energy dissipated due to hysteresis changes with frequency. Furthermore, some materials behave in a non-Newtonian way, which causes their viscosity to change with the rate of shear strain experienced during compression and rarefaction; again, this varies with frequency. Gasses and liquids generally exhibit less hysteresis than solid materials (e.g., sound waves cause adiabatic compression and rarefaction) and behave in a, mostly, Newtonian way.

Combined, the resistive and reactive properties of an acoustic medium form the acoustic impedance. The behaviour of sound waves encountering a different medium is dictated by the differing acoustic impedances. As with electrical impedances, there are matches and mismatches and energy will be transferred for certain frequencies (up to nearly 100%) whereas for others it could be mostly reflected (again, up to very large percentages).

In amplifier and loudspeaker design electrical impedances, mechanical impedances, and acoustic impedances of the system have to be balanced such that the frequency and phase response least alter the reproduced sound across a very broad spectrum whilst still producing adequate sound levels for the listener. Modelling acoustical systems using the same (or similar) techniques long used in electrical circuits gave acoustical designers a new and powerful design tool.

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References

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Are Acoustic Wood Wall Panels Good For Soundproofing?

Do Acoustic Wood Wall Panels Soundproof Against Unwanted Noise?

Soundproofing a room using acoustic timber slatted panels

Timber slatted acoustic panels can be effective for sound absorption and improving the acoustics within a space, but it's crucial to clarify that they are not designed to be an effective soundproofing solution. Soundproofing typically involves preventing sound from entering or leaving a space and acoustic panels are designed to absorb and dampen sound within a room, not to soundproof it.


Therefore, the function of acoustic timber slatted panels lies in absorbing and dampening sound within a room, not blocking its transfer in and out.


Wooden acoustic wall panels are a hugely popular design trend, elevating the aesthetics of walls and ceilings in a range of diverse settings, from residential and domestic DIY projects - to commercial refurbishments in restaurants, hotels and office spaces. The popularity of these panels is evident, with the TikTok hashtag #WoodPanel amassing over 51 million combined views, making them a sought-after choice when seeking both style and functionality.


Acoustic slat wall panels are easy and quick to install and add a visual feature to any wall or ceiling space with many interior designers praising them for 'adding texture, warmth and bringing a more modern and contemporary style to any room'. Wood slat acoustic panels for walls and ceilings can also be used as a clever design technique. For example, when used vertically they help to contribute to the illusion of higher walls and increased ceiling height.


Acoustic timber panels are readily available through outlets such as The Soundproofing Store, Acupanel, B&Q, and Amazon and are often marketed by other sellers as cutting-edge soundproofing solutions. However, whilst they bring a great modern design feature to a room and also help with sound absorption, they are definitely not a soundproofing solution. The reasons for this are discussed in more detail below.

Acoustic Timber Panels - Buy Now

The difference between soundproofing and sound absorption explained

What are acoustic panels?

Acoustic panels are specialist wall or ceiling treatments designed to improve the sound quality within a room by addressing issues such as echoes, reverberation, and unwanted noise within a space. Acoustic wall panels are commonly used in (various) settings, including open plan living spaces within homes, offices, studios, auditoriums, schools, and other places where controlling sound is important.


The primary purpose of acoustic panels is to absorb sound waves, preventing them from bouncing off hard surfaces and creating echoes. Sound absorbing acoustic panels contribute to creating a more balanced and controlled acoustic environment by reducing noise levels, minimising reverberation, and improving speech clarity.


Acoustic panels are typically made from materials with sound-absorbing properties and come in various shapes, sizes, and designs to cater to different aesthetic preferences and acoustic needs.


Sound absorbing acoustic panels can be strategically placed on walls and ceilings to target areas where sound reflection and reverberation are prominent. Additionally, acoustic panels are commonly used in recording studios, home cinemas, conference rooms, and open-plan offices to create an acoustically comfortable and controlled environment.

The most effective uses of timber slatted acoustic panels


Sound Absorption: Timber slatted panels are often used to absorb sound waves, reducing echo and reverberation within a room. This can improve the overall acoustics of a space, making it more comfortable and suitable for various activities.


Aesthetics: Timber slatted panels can contribute to the aesthetic appeal of a room while serving a functional purpose. ProSound Acoustic Timber Slatted Panels come in 5 different veneer colour finishes, allowing for customisation to complement the overall design of any room.


Versatility: Acoustic panels are versatile and can be used in various settings, including residential, commercial, and public spaces. They are commonly found in homes, hotels, offices, conference rooms, restaurants, and home cinemas.


Limited Soundproofing: While timber slatted panels can absorb and reduce sound within a room, they have serious limitations in terms of preventing sound transmission through walls or ceilings. If your goal is to block noise, it will be necessary to use tried and tested soundproofing measures, such as the ReductoClip Soundproofing System which is highlighted in more detail below.


How do timber slatted panels help with sound absorption?

Revamping your space with timber slatted acoustic panels is a popular interior design trend and wooden acoustic panels are celebrated for their aesthetic appeal and ease of installation. These panels also help to improve the aesthetics within a room, making them a go-to choice for various settings.


However, if your aim is to tackle significant echo challenges, especially in expansive communal areas like village halls, offices, schools, hotels, and restaurants, while timber slatted panels add a visually striking touch and offer some echo reduction, they may not deliver optimal performance compared to specialised sound absorption panels. Let's delve into why this is the case:


Are you interested in learning more about Acoustic Slat Wood Wall Panels? Contact us today to secure an expert consultation!

Sound energy will bounce off hard surfaces back into a room, creating an echo. High performing Class A Sound Absorption Panels are filled with a soft, specialist sound absorbing material, which absorbs sound and traps the sound inside. So when a sound wave hits the panel it stays there and doesn&#;t bounce back into the room.


Therefore, given this principle you might be asking, so how do wooden slatted timber panels absorb sound?

Timber acoustic panels have a layer of sound absorbing felt that sits behind the wooden slats which helps absorb sound. The surface area of the absorbing material isn't as large as traditional sound absorption panels like ProSound Acoustic Wall Panels and the felt isn't the same high performing absorbent core, which limits their sound absorption capabilities.


In essence, while timber slatted acoustic panels contribute to an aesthetically pleasing environment and offer some acoustic benefits, for spaces with pronounced echo challenges, exploring alternative sound absorption solutions might be a more effective approach.


Specialised panels like the ProSound Acoustic Wall Panels are designed with advanced acoustic principles to deliver superior performance in minimising echo and enhancing overall sound quality in any space.&#;

Do timber slatted acoustic panels work for soundproofing?

Acoustic timber slatted panels are not soundproofing. The term 'Acoustic Panels' is a generic term and can often be confusing for those people looking at solutions to soundproof their home. When looking at Acoustic Panels be sure to check if these relate to sound absorption panels or soundproofing panels like the SoundBoard 4.


ProSound SoundBoard 4 Soundproofing Wall Panel


Four layers of soundproofing in one simple solution:


1. 15mm Acoustic Plasterboard - heavier and more dense than standard plasterboard. Adds more mass to the wall to help block airborne noise. The same final finish as standard plasterboard for final decoration


2. 3mm Mass Loaded Vinyl - high mass acoustic barrier to help block airborne noise


3. 9mm Closed Cell Foam - dampens sound energy and vibrations


4. 3mm Mass Loaded Vinyl - a second layer of high mass to further block airborne noise

Timber slatted panels, while effective for certain acoustic purposes, do not provide the same level of soundproofing as materials specifically designed for that purpose. Timber slatted panels are often used for acoustic treatment, which focuses on controlling and improving the quality of sound within a space, rather than blocking or isolating sound from entering or leaving a room.


Here are some points to consider regarding timber slatted panels and soundproofing:


Absorption vs. Isolation:


Timber slatted panels are more geared towards sound absorption by minimising echoes and reverberation within a room.

Soundproofing on the other hand, involves preventing sound from travelling through walls or other structures, and this requires materials with different properties, such as mass and density.


Material Characteristics:


Timber slatted panels are designed for aesthetics and acoustic treatment, providing a visually appealing solution for managing sound within a space. Whereas effective soundproofing typically involves using materials with high mass, density, and damping properties to block or isolate sound transmission.


If your primary goal is to prevent sound transmission between rooms, you need to use a tried and tested soundproofing solution such as the ReductoClip Soundproofing Solution for walls.

What is the best way to soundproof a wall?

If you're seeking soundproofing solutions instead of sound absorption, the video below proves exceptionally valuable. It delves into the top three wall soundproofing techniques, offering practical insights into the most effective noise reduction systems when soundproofing a party wall.

The 3 best ways to soundproof a wall

Achieving effective soundproofing for a wall involves a comprehensive understanding and application of three fundamental principles:


1. Isolation:


  • A key principle in soundproofing is isolating or 'decoupling' one side of the structure from the other. This involves creating a sound breaker by minimising direct contact between the surfaces. By breaking the direct connection, vibrations and sound waves are less likely to transfer from one side to the other. This principle is crucial in preventing the transmission of sound vibrations


2. Damping:


  • Damping is another essential aspect of soundproofing. Elastic or damping materials are strategically employed to absorb sound energy and vibrations, thereby reducing the extent to which these elements can travel through the structure. Damping materials play a crucial role in enhancing the overall effectiveness of soundproofing solutions.


3. Adding Mass:


  • Increasing the mass of a wall is a fundamental strategy in blocking airborne sound. Different materials have varying densities and thicknesses, making them more effective at blocking different frequencies of sound. By incorporating materials with greater mass, such as

    Acoustic Plasterboard

    and

    FlexiSound

    , the wall becomes more resistant to the passage of airborne sound waves.


In summary, successful soundproofing involves a strategic combination of all three of these key principles. Isolation creates a sound breaker and minimises the direct transmission of vibrations, damping absorbs sound energy and vibrations, and adding mass enhances the wall's ability to block airborne sound. 


The ReductoClip Independent Wall solution is a tailored soundproofing solution which incorporates all three of these key principles and ensures the highest level of soundproofing.


ReductoClip Independent Wall Solution

Conclusion: soundproofing with acoustic timber slatted panels

Timber slatted acoustic panels offer an effective solution when combining wood effect interiors and also improving the acoustics within a space. However, it's crucial to clarify that they serve a different purpose compared to tried and tested soundproofing solutions. While timber acoustic panels contribute to the visual appeal of a room and offer some echo reduction, they do not help in the soundproofing of a room.


Timber slatted panels can be aesthetically pleasing and versatile, making them suitable for various settings such as homes, offices, hotels and restaurants. However, when it comes to true soundproofing&#;preventing sound from entering or leaving a space&#;specialised soundproofing measures are essential. The ReductoClip Soundproofing Solution, with its principles of isolation, damping, and adding mass, ensures the highest level of soundproofing for walls (and ceilings).


Author

Sam Fessey heads up the Sound Absorption department within The Soundproofing Store. With a wealth of experience in acoustics, his extensive knowledge is invaluable when collaborating with customers to address and diminish reverberation and echo in any space and in creating environments with increased clarity and acoustic comfort.   


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